Vascular trauma, or damage to a blood vessel, can happen to anyone. Often the result of an accident or injury, a vascular trauma can be mild, moderate, or severe. Some common symptoms of vascular trauma are bleeding, bruising, and fractured bones.

Vascular means blood vessels (arteries, veins and lymphatics), and Vascular Disease means a blood circulation problem in one of the vessels.Arteries are responsible for supplying oxygenated (pure) blood from the heart to other organs of the body. The narrowing or hardening of artery due to accumulation of plaque within it leads to development of blood clots and blocks blood flow.

This can damage the target organ, if left untreated. To give an example, if blood supply to foot is blocked there can be gangrene of the foot. Most arterial diseases are chronic with patients experiencing symptoms like pain in legs after walking for a few minutes or small distance, which was not present initially or pain in hands or legs after exercise.

Lymphedema management starts with conservative management, followed by surgery and maintaining the surgical results during the entire lifetime of the patients. For lymphedema treatment to be effective, it has to be initiated early in the disease and demands a continued compliance from the patient. Recent advances in management of lymphedema are mostly focused on a thorough understanding of the microscopic anatomy of lymphatics (please refer to the section of the symposium on pathogenesis) and provision of alternate physiologic pathways to redirect lymph flow to prevent secondary changes in the tissues such as cellulitis, fibrosis, adipose tissue deposition, and functional loss.

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